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Instrument Connections
All instruments connect to their respective processes and to each other by means of pipe, tube, and/or wires. Improper installation of these connective lines can make the difference between success or failure in an installation. Safety is also impacted by improper connections between instruments and the process, and from instrument to instrument.
Pipe and pipe fittings
Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured from cast metal (although plastic is a common pipe material for many industrial applications). This section discusses some of the more common methods for joining pipes together (and joining pipe ends to equipment such as pressure instruments)... Read the entire section about Pipe and Pipe Fittings by clicking here!
Tube and tube fittings
Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case of tubing, it is usually manufactured from rolled or extruded metal (although plastic is a common tube material for many industrial applications). This section discusses some of the more common methods for joining tubes together (and joining tube ends to equipment such as pressure instruments)... Read the entire section about Tube and Tube Fittings by clicking here!
Electrical signal and control wiring
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons don’t “care” how neatly the wires are laid in place, human beings who must maintain the system certainly do. Not only are neat installations easier to navigate and troubleshoot, but they tend to inspire a similar standard of neatness when alterations are made... Read the entire section of Electrical Signal and Control Wiring by clicking here!
References
Austin, George T., Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY, 1984.
“CPITM Tube Fittings”, catalog 4230, Parker Hannifin Corporation, Cleveland, OH, 2000. Croft, Terrell and Summers, Wilford I., American Electrician’s Handbook, Eleventh Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, NY, 1987.
“Fitting Installation Manual”, Hoke Incorporated, Spartanburg, SC, 1999.
“Gaugeable Tube Fittings and Adapter Fittings”, document MS-01-140, revision 7, Swagelok Company, MI, 2004.
Graves, W.V., The Pipe Fitters Blue Book, W.V. Graves Publisher, Webster, TX, 1973.
“Industrial Pipe Fittings and Adapters”, catalog 4300, Parker Hannifin Corporation, Columbus, OH, 2000.
Morrison, Ralph, Grounding and Shielding Techniques in Instrumentation, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., NY, 1967.
“Pipe Fittings”, document MS-01-147, revision 3, Swagelok Company, MI, 2002.
“Thread and End Connection Identification Guide”, document MS-13-77, revision 3, Swagelok Company, 2005.
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